Elementary schools' learning tools development based on Understanding by Design

Desi Eka Pratiwi; Leni Yuliana

doi:10.17509/curricula.v5i1.208

Authors

Desi Eka Pratiwi Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya
Leni Yuliana Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17509/curricula.v5i1.208

Keywords:

elementary school, learning tools, understanding by design

Abstract

Learning in elementary schools still faces challenges in aligning learning objectives, assessment, and instructional activities, which limits students’ conceptual understanding. This study aims to develop Understanding by Design (UbD)-based learning tools for elementary schools that meet the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The research employed a research and development (RnD) approach using the ADDIE model. The developed learning tools comprise teaching modules, instructional materials, and authentic assessment instruments grounded in the backward design principle. Data were collected through expert validation, observation of learning implementation, teacher and student response questionnaires, and learning outcome tests, and were analyzed using descriptive, quantitative, and qualitative methods. The results showed that the UbD-based learning tools achieved very high validity. Practicality was indicated by implementation rate and positive responses from teachers and students. The learning tools were also effective, as shown by improved student learning outcomes, with classical mastery. Therefore, UbD-based learning tools are feasible and effective for improving elementary school learning oriented toward conceptual understanding.

Abstrak

Pembelajaran di sekolah dasar masih menghadapi tantangan dalam menyelaraskan tujuan pembelajaran, asesmen, dan aktivitas pembelajaran sehingga pemahaman konseptual peserta didik belum berkembang secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis Understanding by Design (UbD) di sekolah dasar yang memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian menggunakan metode research and development (RnD) dengan model ADDIE. Perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan meliputi modul ajar, bahan ajar, dan instrumen asesmen autentik yang dirancang berdasarkan prinsip backward design. Data dikumpulkan melalui validasi ahli, observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, angket respons guru dan peserta didik, serta tes hasil belajar, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran berbasis UbD memiliki validitas sangat tinggi. Kepraktisan perangkat ditunjukkan oleh keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dan respons positif guru serta peserta didik. Keefektifan perangkat terlihat dari peningkatan hasil belajar dengan ketuntasan klasikal. Dengan demikian, perangkat pembelajaran berbasis UbD layak dan efektif untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran yang berorientasi pada pemahaman konseptual peserta didik sekolah dasar.

Kata Kunci: perangkat pembelajaran; sekolah dasar; understanding by design

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