Development and Validation of a Pappaseng-Based Psychological Well-Being Instrument for Adolescents

Abstract

This study aimed to develop and validate a Pappaseng-based psychological well-being instrument for adolescents within a multicultural guidance and counseling context. The instrument was constructed by integrating six dimensions of psychological well-being, namely self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and personal growth, with the local wisdom values of Pappaseng in Bugis-Makassar culture. This study employed a quantitative instrument development design involving 2,696 valid respondents from junior secondary and senior secondary or vocational schools in Makassar and Gowa, Indonesia. Data were collected using a 48-item Likert-type scale and analyzed through corrected item-total correlation and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The results showed that 36 items met the validity criterion, while 12 items were excluded because their corrected item-total correlation coefficients were below 0.30. The reliability coefficient of the initial instrument was 0.888 and increased to 0.901 after item purification. These findings indicate that the final instrument has adequate internal validity and high internal consistency. Therefore, the instrument is feasible to be used as an initial assessment tool for measuring adolescents’ psychological well-being in culturally responsive and multicultural guidance and counseling services.